MALE. Expands 3 inches.

Head and body, above, blackish grey. Beneath, greyish white.

Upper surface; primaries blackish grey powdered with reddish brown; transverse lines black, heaviest towards the costa, less distinct as they near the inner margin; between the transverse posterior and sub-mar- ginal lines the space is brownish; reniform indistinct and brown; sub- reniform almost obsolete.

Secondaries black, with greyish hairs at the base and abdominal margin; fringe white, partly cut with black at the terminations of the veins.

Under surface; primaries white; a broad 'marginal band, black inwardly and greyish exteriorly; black mesial and sub-basal bands which are connected with the same colour along the inner margin; fringes white, edged outwardly with blackish.

Secondaries white, with black marginal and mesial bands, the space between which is narrow; fringes white.

Female. Expands 3-1/4 inches.

Ground colour of wings lighter; the reddish brown sub-marginal band more conspicuous; all the lines, as well as the reniform and sub- reniform, distinct and much more sharply defined than in the male.

Described from examples taken in Texas by Mr. J. Boll.

Prominently distinguishable by the reddish brown, which appears to overlay, more or less, the dark grey of primaries and thorax.

Fig. 3 is a variety of the above, having the inner half of primaries whitish; from same locality.

Expands 3 inches.

Head and thorax, white; abdomen blackish grey. Beneath, white.

Upper surface; primaries milky white; transverse anterior line broad and black at and near costa, faint and brownish on the inner half; transverse posterior fine and :partially obsolete, outwardly this is succeeded by a brownish band faint until it nears the costa where it becomes darker and more conspicuous; sub-terminal line, faint; a row of small black sub- marginal points; reniform, dark brown, which color is continued from .thence to the costa.

Secondaries, black; fringes white.

Under surface, marked as in Agrippina, but the black bands are much heavier, leaving with the exception of base of wings but little white.

Habitat. Texas. Described from one example received from Mr. J. Boll.

I can imagine nothing more lovely than this ermine of the Catocalae, which in beauty is not even excelled by the queenly Relicta. I hesitated a long time ere I could bring myself to describe it as a separate species from Agrippina, to which, notwithstanding its white color, it is closely allied, and to which [ thought it might bear the same relation as does Phalanga to Paleogama. Its smaller size and some differences in the undulations of the lines, however, have led me to the conclusion that it may be a species distinct.

Expands 2 inches.

Head and thorax, above, light grey; abdomen blackish grey.

Upper surface; primaries, pale ashen, the same color as in Robinsonii; transverse anterior and posterior lines, black, only moderately conspicuous; sub-terminal line, whitish.

Secondaries black, with black fringes.

Under surface; primaries, a small white basal patch; the black bands are so nearly confluent as to leave but little white.

Secondaries, basal third white, rest black with but faint indications of the pale space between the marginal and mesial bands.

Described from two examples, male female, in the collection of Mr. James Angus, of West Farms, New York, near which place they were captured several years since.

Expands 2 inches.

Head and thorax, above, ash grey; abdomen yellow. Beneath, dirty white.

Upper surface; primaries ashen, transverse anterior, double and from middle to costa very heavy, forming a diagonal black bar; transverse posterior, fine but distinct; reniform moderate size, the space between this and transverse anterior line is much paler than the rest of the wing; fringes concolourous with the wings.

Secondaries bright yellow; marginal band moderate, broken towards the anal angle where it is replaced by a spot; mesial band rather narrow and does not reach to the abdominal margin; fringes white.

Under surface yellow; sub-basal and marginal bands brownish; mesial bands darker and better defined at their edges.

Habitat. Texas. One example from Mr. J. Boll.

Resembles the Russian C. Neonympha* more than any American species.

* Esper, Schmett., 198, 1, 2, (1796).

Expands 2-1/2 inches.

Head and thorax brown; abdomen greyish brown. Beneath, yellowish.

Upper surface; primaries rich velvety brown; transverse anterior line very heavy and dark, from the middle of this to the base runs a dark shade; transverse posterior dark brown or black, and distinct; sub-terminal pale fawn-coloured, edged outwardly with dark brown, where it is prolonged into acute parallel teeth which reach to the exterior margin, the three upper ones being the most prominent; reniform and sub-reniform forming, as it were, one spot, the latter entirely disconnected from the transverse posterior line; fringe brown.

Secondaries dark warm yellow; marginal band broad; mesial almost straight from costa to where it elbows towards the lower part of wing; apex yellow; fringe yellow, with some greyish at the terminations of veins.

Under surface dark yellow, even coloured; sub-basal band of primaries not as dark coloured as other two bands, which are more sharply defined and comparatively narrow.

Habitat. Texas; received from Mr. J. Boll.

Expands 1-7/8 inches.

Head and thorax ash grey; abdomen yellowish. Beneath, whitish.

Upper surface; primaries ashen, even coloured; transverse anterior and posterior lines fine but distinct, the latter but little dentated; reniform large, greenish white, extending from this to the apex is a dark brown dash or shade, the edge of which towards the costa is sharply defined on the pale ground color of wings, whilst that towards the exterior margin does not so abruptly terminate, but somewhat gradually shades off; sub-reniform entirely disconnected from transverse posterior line; sub-terminal line brownish; in the space between the base and transverse anterior line is a kidney-shaped spot of the same greenish white and same size as the reniform; this spot is not prominent, though easily discernible; fringe concolourous with the ground colour of wing.

Secondaries bright yellow; marginal band moderately broad, interrupted before reaching the anal angle, where it is replaced by a black spot; mesial narrow, somewhat elbowed, and extends to the abdominal margin and thence upwards towards the base; a very small, yellow apical spot; fringe white, greyish inwardly.

Under surface yellow, darkest near bases, at costal and apical parts white or nearly so; no sub-basal band; marginal and mesial bands blackish brown, very sharp and distinct; fringes white, cut with black at terminations of veins.

Texas; from Mr. J. Boll.

A most beautiful species, whose nearest eastern ally is C. Formula, than which, however, it is larger and much brighter in colour, and presents many points Of difference in ornamentation.

Since describing this most beautiful species on page 93, from a female taken in Indianapolis, I have received other examples, male female taken by Mr. Boll in Texas.

MALE. Expands 1-7/8 inches.

Head and thorax brownish grey; abdomen brown. Beneath, pale greyish.

Upper surface; primaries brown; transverse anterior and posterior lines broad and dark; reniform indistinct; sub-reniform pale and free from the transverse posterior line; the mesial area, between the reniform and transverse anterior line, paler than any other part, the outer half, between this and the transverse posterior line, is the darkest part of the wing.

Secondaries yellow; marginal band deeply indented towards anal angle; mesial narrow, prolonged in an acute angle above the indentation of marginal band, and extending almost to the abdominal margin, and from thence upwards towards the base; a streak of dark colour extends from base to the indentation above the elbow of mesial; fringes yellow and brownish.

Under surface yellow; no sub-basal bands; mesial and marginal bands blackish. Female. Same size and markings, but the superiors are brighter in colour; the transverse anterior is narrower and lined inwardly with whitish grey; reniform better defined; sub-reniform not so distinct; sub- terminal line white and most conspicuous near and at the costa.

Texas; from Mr. J. Boll.

It is with some slight hesitation that I place these as sexes of the same species. As there were but two examples taken, the material for study and comparison was, consequently, limited; I am inclined to think, however, that future observation will verify my present decision, as the only difference is the narrower transverse lines and brighter colour of the female.

Expands 2 inches.

Head and thorax, above, grey; abdomen yellowish. Beneath, greyish.

Upper surface; primaries uniform sombre grey, much the same colour as in Serena; transverse lines nearly obsolete, except near costa where they are black and distinct; the reniform is the distinguishing feature in this species, being deep velvety black; sub-reniform scarcely discernible.

Secondaries yellow; marginal band ordinary width; mesial does not extend to within some distance of the abdominal margin. Under surface; primaries with blackish sub-basal, mesial and marginal bands; secondaries have mesial and marginal bands corresponding to those on upper surface.

Texas; one example from Mr. J. Boll.

Expands 2-3/8 to 2-5/8 inches.

Belongs to the group of which the European Nupta* and Elocata+ are types, and which appears to be the prevalent form west of the Rocky Mountains. The primaries resemble very much in colour and ornamentation those of Elocata, but the lines are heavier and better defined, with more contrast of light and dark colours. Inferiors same re(1 as in that species. Under surface; primaries white; marginal band black, greyish at apex of wing; mesial and sub basal as usual in this group. Inferiors; costal third white; inner two-thirds red; bands as on upper surface.

Mr. W. H Edwards' type, now in Mus. Am. Ent. Soc., Phila., was taken in Yreka, California; one of my examples was brought by Mr. Mead from Colorado. I have also examined an example from collection of Mr. Henry Edwards, which was taken in Arizona.

* Linne. Syst. Nat., XII, (1767).

+ Esper, Schmett., 99, 1, 2, (1786).

Expands 3 to 3-1/2 inches.

Upper surface of superiors and body rich deep maroon or reddish brown; transverse lines black, narrow, and accompanied with scattered, inconspicuous grey or pale olivaceous scales; reniform indicated by a circle and pupil of same pale colour, but scarcely noticeable except on close inspection.

Secondaries beautiful crimson, with very broad, deep black marginal band, broadest at apex and gradually diminishing until it terminates at the anal angle; mesial nearly even width, slightly elbowed on outer edge, extends to abdominal margin and continued thence up to the base which is clothed with black hairs; fringes dirty white.

This is one of the commonest and, at the same time, the handsomest of all our known red-winged species. It is found from New York to Florida, and as far west as Texas, from which latter state I have received fine examples.

There occur, occasionally, examples in which the primaries are heavily powdered with whitish yellow or olivaceous scales, especially at the apex, on the part surrounding the reniform and more or less on the anterior half of the wing. In this variety the transverse lines are much more heavily marked than in the ordinary form.

Lamprosia Amatrix, Samml. Exot. Schmett. II, Verz. Bek. Schmett., p. 277, (1816).

Catocala Amatrix, Guenee, Spec. Gen., .Vol. VII, p. 86, (1852).

Expands from 3 to 3-1/2 inches.

Upper surface; primaries and body brownish grey; transverse lines dark brown, but not heavy; inferiors scarlet; black bands extend to inner margin; fringe dirty white. Under surface yellowish white; the secondaries suffused with scarlet on the inner half; the usual bands; also a discal lune, more or less prominent in different examples.

There are two common forms of this species; the one, Fig. 15 of Plate XI, has the primaries unicolourous; the other, Fig. 16, has a broad dash of dark brown on the primaries, extending the length of the wing, from the base to the apex interrupted only by the sub-reniform. Neither of these are sexual varieties, as plenty of both form occur in either sex.

This species is found over the same great extent of country as the preceding (Cara). The Texan examples are the largest, averaging 3-1/2 inches in expanse.

The first Catocala that I ever saw in nature was of this species. "Ah ! distinctly I remember," though twenty-five years have passed since then with their dreary cortege of woes, how Christian Sproesser, a stout German apprentice of my father, returned home one Sunday--full of beer--with a specimen of Amatrix carefully impaled on a board with a big common pin. I sat for hours feasting my eyes on the splendor of its scarlet wings, and hunting through an old German illustrated book, without a title page, which then constituted my entomological library, to find out what it was. After profound deliberation, I arrived at the erroneous conclusion that it was C. Nupta, and labeled it accordingly. I then pictured it in three positions, upper and under surface, and with the wings closed. I remember, also, how I manufactured lemonade to sumptuously regale my Teutonic friend and to show my appreciation of his kindness in procuring me this peerless treasure, and, finally, how the facial nerves of the said Sproesser contracted, especially around and about the region of the nose, when I proffered him the mild beverage. But that example of Amatrix, and the solid youth who captured it, have long passed out of sight; the former to dust, and the latter, whom I still hold--on account of that Catocala--in kindly remembrance, if living, I hope is well and more prosperous than the writer of these lines, or, if dead, has gone to where he belongs.

From Mr. Henry Edwards, of San Francisco, I have lately received the types of his following unpublished species, all of which I intend to figure at an early day. These, in common with most of the species from the Pacific Slope, belong to the Nupta group. And whilst on this subject I would here mention that Nupta occurs, not unfreqnently, in the Atlantic States. Mr. J. Hooper captured an example near Brooklyn, N.Y.; Mr. Jos. Chase, of Holyoke, Mass., has a specimen which was taken near that place; I have myself taken three, at different times, on willows near Reading, and I have seen several other American examples in various collections.

Expands 2-5/8 inches. Thorax and head squamose, dark grey; primaries very dark grey or blackish, sparsely powdered with white; transverse anterior and posterior lines blackish, accompanied with white; sub-terminal white; reniform black and indistinct; interior to the reniform a whitish space; in the single specimen received the sub-reniform is open. Secondaries scarlet; marginal band of moderate width; mesial does not extend to abdominal margin; fringe white. Under surface white, with usual bands; inner half of secondaries scarlet. Closely allied to Briseis, but the transverse posterior line is entirely different, having the teeth much longer and more acute, and presenting many other points of difference. In all the examples of Briseis that I have, the mesial band of secondaries extends to the abdominal marigin, whilst in this example of Mariana it does not reach to it by 3-16 of an inch. Taken on Vancouver's Island.

Expands 2-3/4 inches. Head and body above pale grey mixed with white. Upper surface primaries very pale powdery grey, transverse anterior and posterior lines brown, not dark, the latter with teeth nearly in a line with each other, of almost equal length; reni-form dull brown, indistinct; sub- reniform whitish, not connected with the transverse posterior line; sub- terminal line pale and indistinct. Secondaries, colour as in Parta, marginal band narrow and has two indentations on inner edge on half of wing nearest to abdomen; mesial band exceedingly narrow, widest in the middle, extends to within 2-10 of the abdominal margin, fringe white. Under surface white, inner half of secondaries red; usual bands. This is a beautiful insect. The grey of the upper surface of body and primaries is paler than in any red- winged species I have ever seen, and in certain lights is almost silvery in appearance. The extreme narrowness of the mesial on upper surface of secondaries is also most remarkable Taken in San Mateo County, California.

Expands 2½ inches. Head and thorax dark bluish grey; abdomen brownish grey. Upper surface; primaries rather uniform dark bluish grey; transverse lines, reniform and sub-reniform, not very distinct and accompanied by yellowish brown shades; sub-terminal line paler, not prominent; secondaries deep scarlet, bands not broad; mesial ceases 2-10 of an inch from the inner margin; fringes white on exterior margin, grey on abdominal. Under surface white, inner two-thirds of secondaries red; usual bands. Taken in Contra Costa County, California. The peculiar blue-grey tinge of superiors will serve to easily separate this from allied forms.

Expands 3 inches. Body and primaries above colour of Amatrix; transverse anterior and posterior lines dark brown and very heavy and prominent, the latter have the principal tooth more prolonged than in any of the others above alluded to; reniform large, double lined; sub-reniform open. Secondaries, colour of Parta; bauds narrow; mesial same distance from inner margin as the preceding species; fringe dirty white. Under surface yellowish white; inner half of primaries red; bands all rather narrow. Habitat, Colorado. In colour and general appearance, though not in size and detail, it strongly reminds one of the European Puerpera.*

Expands 2½ inches. Very close to Faustina, but the primaries are of a more bluish tinge, having none of the yellowish cast of that species; the transverse lines are heavier, and there is generally more sprinkling of black atoms throughout. The apices of the secondaries of Faustina are partly rosy, in this they are entirely white. San Mateo County, California.

There is also another example, much mutilated, which is so close to Irene, Behr, that I should have considered it identical had it not been for the circumstance that Dr. Behr's species has a good sized white apical spot on tip of secondaries, whilst in the example in question the black marginal band fills out the whole apex to the fringe. Also the mesial band in this example is narrower, although that is not necessarily specific, as in some of my examples of C. Nupta this band is only one-half the width that it is in other examples. I have returned this example to Mr. Edwards for his further examination, considering that as he discovered it, and is, moreover, working up the Heterocera of the Far West, it is only simple justice that he should name it. Well knowing, at the same time, that it will not in his hands, at least, be degraded with such associations as Browniana, Snuggsiensis or Tompkinsii. Shades of the mighty! with what names do some of the American Entomologists associate Humboldt, Cuvier and Latreille. It remindeth one not of the lamb and lion lying down together, but of an illustration I once saw, where a small poodle, with closely-shaved hind quarters, was complacently gazing on the caged monarch of the forest.

* Giorna, Cal. Ent., Torina, 1791.

Among a large quantity of material captured in Texas by Mr. J. Boll, and lately received by me, were two examples of Colias Chrysotheme male female, which after the most careful comparison I found to agree exactly with the large suite of European specimens in my cabinet. There is the same suffusion of greyish atoms on upper surface of secondaries, and the same heavy greenish on under surface; they are the same size as the European examples, and agree with them throughout, to the utmost minutiae of shade and marking, and are as distinct from Eurytheme \\ and its var. Keewaydin + as they are from Aurora ][or Pyrrothoe. || Dr. Boisduval long since credited this species to N. America, but the American Lepidopterists have united in erroneously maintaining that Eurytheme was the insect he had in view, and that Chrysotheme was not found here at all.

\\ Boisduval, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. 286, (1852).

+ Edwards, Butt. N. Am., Colias 4, (1869).

][ Esper, Schmett. I, 2, t. 83, (1783).

|| Hubner, Samml. Ex. Schmett., (1816-1836).

August, 1874.